Student B: After studying residents and staff from two intermediate care facilities in Calgary, Alberta, Smith (2000) came to the conclusion that except for the amount of personal privacy available to residents, the physical environment of these institutions had minimal if any effect on their perceptions of control (autonomy). If people have no choices or think that they have none, they become depressed. Jones and Johnstone make the claim that the need to control one's environment is a fundamental need of life (2001), and suggest that the approach of most institutions, which is to provide total care, may be as bad as no care at all. Neither the layout of the building nor the activities available seem to make much difference.

He suggests that the physical environment in the more public spaces of the building did not have much impact on their perceptions. Student A: Smith (2000) concludes that personal privacy in their living quarters is the most important factor in nursing home residents' perception of their autonomy. You can also see that this evaluative approach is well signaled by linguistic markers indicating logical connections (words such as 'however,' 'moreover') and phrases such as 'substantiates the claim that,' which indicate supporting evidence and Student B's ability to synthesize knowledge. For example, look at the following two passages and note that Student A merely describes the literature, whereas Student B takes a more analytical and evaluative approach by comparing and contrasting.Tip: If you ﬁnd that each paragraph begins with a researcher's name, it might indicate that, instead of evaluating and comparing the research literature from an analytical point of view, you have simply described what research has been done.Structure your sections by themes or subtopics, not by individual theorists or researchers. Make certain that each section links logically to the one before and after. Follow the organizational structure you developed above, including the headings and subheadings you constructed.

Steps to writing a research paper